The Prophet sal Allaahu Alayhi wa sallam said:
“Treat women kindly, for woman was created from a bent rib, and the most crooked part of the rib is the top part, so treat women kindly.” (al-Bukhaari, Muslim)
And he said:
“Woman was created from a rib, and if you try to straighten the rib you will break it, so be gentle with her and you will be able to live with her.”
(Ahmad, 5/8; Ibn Maajah, 1308; Saheeh al-Jaami, 2/163).
Some of the scholars understood these ahadeeth literally and were of the opinion that woman was made from Adam Alaiyhis-Salaam’s
rib.
Ibn Katheer said:
“ “It is He who created you from one soul and created from it its mate that he might dwell in security with her” [al-A‘raaf 7:189], which refers to Hawwa’; Allah created her from Adam, from the shortest rib on his left hand side.”
And Shaykh Muhammad Ibn Ibraaheem Al-Tuwayjri said:
“Allaah is absolutely perfect in His powers of Creation.
He creates what He wills, how He wills… He created Adam from dust without a father or a mother, and He created Hawwa’ from the rib of Adam from a father but without a mother.”
But some of the ulama say there’s no evidence that a woman was created from the rib of Adam Alaiyhis-Salaam and were of the opinion that this is just a metaphor and the basic message in the hadeeth is to treat women kindly and with love.
Allaah says:
“And among His Signs is this, that He created for you wives from among yourselves, that you may dwell in tranquility with them, and He has put between you affection and mercy”
[Surah al-Room 30:21]
When Allaah says “created for you wives from among yourself”
That means that it’s out of the Mercy of Allaah that He created men and their wives from *human kind* and not from some other species.
This is so that they may live with them in peace, love and tranquility.
Ibn Katheer said:
“And of His signs is that He created for you from yourselves mates” that is, He has created for you from your own kind females to be your wives.
“that you may find tranquillity in them”
this is similar to the verse:
“It is He who created you from one soul and created from it its mate that he might dwell in security with her” [al-A‘raaf 7:189],
*which refers to Hawwa*’.
If He had made all the descendants of Adam males, and had created females for them from a different kind, either from among the jinn or animals, this harmony would not exist between them and their wives; rather the result would have been aversion, if their wives were of a different kind.
Moreover, by His perfect mercy towards humanity, Allaah made their wives of their own kind, and He created between them affection, which is love, and compassion, which is kindness.”
[Tafseer Ibn Katheer (6/309)]
2. That means that Hawwa was created from the rib of Adam Alaiyhis-Salaam.
*That does NOT mean that EVERY man’s wife is created from his rib.*
3. How can duaa change qadr?
A person’s lifespan is written in al-Lawh al-Mahfudh, the Preserved Tablet.
The Prophet sal Allaahu Alayhi wa sallam said:
*”The pens have been lifted and the pages have dried*’ ”
(at-Tirmidhi- saheeh)
The sentence:
“The pens have been lifted and the pages have dried” means that whatever Allaah has decreed for a person has been written down in al-Lawh al-Mahfoodh, the Preserved Tablet.
Allaah Subhaanahu wa Ta’aala wrote down whatever will happen in this world, 50,000 years before He created the Heavens and the Earth.
The Prophet sal Allaahu Alayhi wa sallam said:
“Allaah wrote the decree of all of creation 50,000 years before the creation of the heavens and the earth.” (Muslim)
This is the Absolute Qadr, the Divine Decree that’s written down in al-Lawh al-Mahfudh, “the Preserved Tablet.”
And this can never be changed.
But the Prophet sal Allaahu Alayhi wa sallam also said:
“Whoever would like his Rizq (provision) to be increased and his life to be extended, should uphold the ties of kinship.”
(al-Bukhaari, Muslim)
And he Sal Allaahu Alaiyhi wa Sallam said:
“Nothing increases one’s life-span except good deeds, and nothing repels Divine Decree except du’a. And very, a person may be deprived for sustenance due to a sin that he does!” (Ibn Maajah - saheeh by al-Albaani)
So according to these ahaadeeth, if a person upholds ties of kinship or makes duaa, that CAN change qadr, the Divine Decree.
So how’s that possible?
The ulama explain that writing down of qadr is of two types.
a) That which is written in the Preserved Tablet and this cannot be changed
b) That qadr which is with the angels and this CAN be changed with certain things like duaa or upholding ties of kinship.
Allaah in His Ultimate Knowledge, KNEW already that so and so will make duaa or so and so will uphold ties of kinship, so the duaa he made or the ties of kinship he upheld were ALSO written as part of his Qadr.
So the Ultimate Final Decree turns out to be what Allaah had written for the person in al-Lawh al-Mahfudh.
So we should do good deeds amd uphold ties of kinship and make duaa to Allaah for the GOOD of what He’s decreed for us and ask Him to divert away that which is bad for us.
That’s also one of the duaas of the Prophet sal Allaahu Alayhi wa sallam that we make in Witr.
” … Bless me in what You have given me. And avert and turn away from me the evil that has been decreed for me, for verily You Decree (all things), and none can decree against You … “
(at-Tirmidhi, an-Nasa’i -Saheeh)
And Umar radhi Allaahu anhu would cry when he would make Tawaaf around the Ka’bah and say:
“O Allaah, if You have decreed that I should be doomed or commit sin, then erase it, for You erase whatever You will, and You confirm (whatever You will), and with You is the Mother of the Book, so make it happiness and forgiveness.”
4. There’s no difference about this among the different maslak (madhhab).
The difference among the scholars of the different madhaahib may be in Fiqh issues.
But this has nothing to do with Fiqh.
Hope I was able to clarify this issue.
And Allaah knows best
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